As the clock turned over to 1961, the world of F1 was undergoing dramatic changes. For the 1959 and 1960 seasons, the championship had been won by Cooper with their rear-engined T51 and T53 cars.
Cooper T51
In 1960 Lotus would introduced the 18, while it didn’t win a race, it was good enough to finish fourth in the Constructor’s Championship with Innes Ireland.
Lotus 18
For Ferrari the season was a disaster. Phil Hill was a distant fifth in the driver’s championship, while he did win the Italian GP, it was clear that Ferrari’s front-engined cars were outdated. Ferrari had converted to modify a 246 to a rear-engine, calling it the 246 P, but it was overweight and slow. It was clear a new engine and care were needed. Ferrari started work on the car that would be called the 156.
The Ferrari 246 P
The 156 was largely designed by Carlo Chiti and Mauro Forghieri.
The 156
Technical data: | 156 F1 | 156 Aero |
Bore x stroke: | 73 x 58.8 mm | |
Compression: | 9.8:1 | |
Max power at rpm: | 190 hp at 9 500 rpm | 205 hp at 10 500 rpm |
Valve control: | Double Overhead Camshafts per cylinder bank, 2 valves per cylinder |
The 1961 F1 season would consist of eight races, starting in May in Monaco, and finishing in Watkins Glen in October. The British Grand Prix was moved from Silverstone to Aintree, in keeping with the event-sharing arrangement between the two circuits. The Indianapolis 500 was dropped as a points-paying race in the F1 championship.
1 | Monaco Grand Prix | Circuit de Monaco, Monte Carlo | 14 May |
2 | Dutch Grand Prix | Circuit Zandvoort, Zandvoort | 22 May |
3 | Belgian Grand Prix | Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, Stavelot | 18 June |
4 | French Grand Prix | Reims-Gueux, Gueux | 2 July |
5 | British Grand Prix | Aintree Motor Racing Circuit, Merseyside | 15 July |
6 | German Grand Prix | Nürburgring, Nürburg | 6 August |
7 | Italian Grand Prix | Autodromo Nazionale di Monza, Monza | 10 September |
8 | United States Grand Prix | Watkins Glen International, New York | 8 October |
Points awarded were for 9,6,4,3,2,1. The point for fastest lap was dropped.
Race 1 Monaco
Ginther led Clark and Moss into the first corner but Clark quickly ran into trouble with a faulty fuel pump. Ginther dropped to third on lap 14, when Moss and Bonnier passed him in quick succession. At quarter distance, Moss had an impressive 10 second lead (in the underpowered Lotus 18–Climax), but the Ferraris’ of Hill and then Ginther found their way around Bonnier and began to close the gap. At half distance, Moss’ lead was eight seconds, and down to three seconds on lap 60. Ginther moved into second on lap 75 and tried to close the gap, but Moss proved able to match his lap times, despite the 156‘s horsepower advantage.
1 | 20 | Stirling Moss | Lotus–Climax | 100 | 2:45:50.1 | 1 | 9 |
2 | 36 | Richie Ginther | Ferrari | 100 | +3.6 secs | 2 | 6 |
3 | 38 | Phil Hill | Ferrari | 100 | +41.3 secs | 5 | 4 |
4 | 40 | Wolfgang von Trips | Ferrari | 98 | Accident | 6 | 3 |
5 | 4 | Dan Gurney | Porsche | 98 | +2 Laps | 10 | 2 |
6 | 26 | Bruce McLaren | Cooper–Climax | 95 | +5 Laps | 7 | 1 |
Standings
1 | Stirling Moss | 9 |
2 | Richie Ginther | 6 |
3 | Phil Hill | 4 |
4 | Wolfgang von Trips | 3 |
5 | Dan Gurney | 2 |
6 Bruce McLaren 1
Race 2 Netherlands
Taking place one week after the Monaco Grand Prix, there was no time for Innes Ireland to heal from his injury in the previous race, so he was replaced by Trevor Taylor. The front row was taken up by three Ferraris. Wolfgang von Trips took the lead from the start and led every lap. Phil Hill was second but was soon pressured by Jim Clark, who had started from the fourth row. The two would trade second place often with the Ferrari quicker on the straight and the Lotus faster in the corners. This continued until about 20 laps from the end when Clark’s handling allowed the Ferrari to pull away. Fourth place was contested between Stirling Moss and Richie Ginther, with Moss passing Ginther on the final lap.
Von Trips winning the Dutch GP in 1961
1 | 3 | Wolfgang von Trips | Ferrari | 75 | 2:01:52.1 | 9 | ||
2 | 1 | Phil Hill | Ferrari | 75 | +0.9 secs | 6 | ||
3 | 15 | Jim Clark | Lotus–Climax | 75 | +13.1 secs | 4 | ||
4 | 14 | Stirling Moss | Lotus–Climax | 75 | +22.2 secs | 3 | ||
5 | 2 | Richie Ginther | Ferrari | 75 | +22.3 secs | 2 | ||
6 | 10 | Jack Brabham | Cooper–Climax | 75 | +1:20.1 | 1 |
1 | Stirling Moss | 12 |
2 | Wolfgang von Trips | 12 |
3 | Phil Hill | 10 |
4 | Richie Ginther | 8 |
5 | Jim Clark | 4 |
Race 3 Belgium
Hill leads Von Tripps at Spa in 1961.
The race was completely dominated by the Ferrari team, with the four works drivers finishing 1-2-3-4. This was the last time any constructor achieved this score in a F1 race. Of the four works Ferraris, three cars were painted red in the tradition of rosso corsa, the national racing colour of Italy, and Gendebien’s car was painted in a Belgian racing yellow. Apart from two NART entries in the 1964 season this was the last time a Ferrari car wore other than the traditional red colour in Formula One. While Graham Hill took the lead at the start from sixth on the grid, he could not hold off the Italian cars and all had passed him by the end of the first lap. Hill fought with John Surtees for fifth place until he retired with an oil leak on the 24th lap.
1 | 4 | Phil Hill | Ferrari | 30 | 2:03:03.8 | 1 | 9 |
2 | 2 | Wolfgang von Trips | Ferrari | 30 | +0.7 secs | 2 | 6 |
3 | 6 | Richie Ginther | Ferrari | 30 | +19.5 secs | 5 | 4 |
4 | 8 | Olivier Gendebien | Ferrari | 30 | +45.6 secs | 3 | 3 |
5 | 24 | John Surtees | Cooper–Climax | 30 | +1:26.8 | 4 | 2 |
6 | 20 | Dan Gurney | Porsche | 30 | +1:31.0 | 10 | 1 |
1 | Phil Hill | 19 | |||||||
2 | Wolfgang von Trips | 18 | |||||||
3 | Stirling Moss 12 | ||||||||
4 | Richie Ginther 12 | ||||||||
5 | Jim Clark | 4 | |||||||
Race 4 France
By winning the race, Giancarlo Baghetti became only the third driver to win his first World Championship race, the other two being Nino Farina, who won the first World Championship race (the 1950 British Grand Prix) and Johnnie Parsons, who won the 1950 Indianapolis 500 (the Indianapolis 500 was part of the World Championship from 1950 to 1960), though both Farina and Parsons had competed at future World Championship races before the creation of the championship, while this was Baghetti’s first start at a major Grand Prix. This was Baghetti’s only World Championship race win. He would never finish in the top three again.
Baghetti on his way to winning the 1961 French GP
1 | 50 | Giancarlo Baghetti | Ferrari | 52 | 2:14:17.5 | 12 | 9 |
2 | 12 | Dan Gurney | Porsche | 52 | +0.1 secs | 5 | 6 |
3 | 8 | Jim Clark | Lotus–Climax | 52 | +1:01.0 | 9 | 4 |
4 | 6 | Innes Ireland | Lotus–Climax | 52 | +1:10.3 | 10 | 3 |
5 | 4 | Bruce McLaren | Cooper–Climax | 52 | +1:41.8 | 8 | 2 |
6 | 22 | Graham Hill | BRM–Climax | 52 | +1:41.9 | 6 | 1 |
1 | Phil Hill 19 | |||||||||
2 | Wolfgang von Trips 18 | |||||||||
3 | Stirling Moss 12 | |||||||||
4 | Richie Ginther 12 | |||||||||
5 | Giancarlo Baghetti 9 | |||||||||
Race 5 Great Britain
Following a wet weekend, with torrential rain affecting both qualifying and the race start, the Grand Prix was ultimately dominated by Scuderia Ferrari, with their drivers taking all three podium positions. The race was won by German Wolfgang von Trips, who had led for much of the race after starting from fourth place on the grid. This was von Trips’s second but also his final Grand Prix victory as two races later he was killed in an accident during the 1961 Italian Grand Prix; it was also the last full-length Grand Prix won by a German until Michael Schumacher achieved his first of 91 wins at the 1992 Belgian Grand Prix. Pole position winner Phil Hill drove to second place on his way to winning the World Drivers’ Championship at the end of the season, and third place was taken by Hill’s American compatriot Richie Ginther.
1 | 4 | Wolfgang von Trips | Ferrari | 75 | 2:40:53.6 | 4 | 9 |
2 | 2 | Phil Hill | Ferrari | 75 | +46.0 | 1 | 6 |
3 | 6 | Richie Ginther | Ferrari | 75 | +46.8 | 2 | 4 |
4 | 12 | Jack Brabham | Cooper–Climax | 75 | +1:08.6 | 9 | 3 |
5 | 8 | Jo Bonnier | Porsche | 75 | +1:16.2 | 3 | 2 |
6 | 36 | Roy Salvadori | Cooper–Climax | 75 | +1:26.2 | 13 | 1 |
1 | Wolfgang von Trips 27 | |||||||||
2 | Phil Hill 25 | |||||||||
3 | Richie Ginther 16 | |||||||||
4 | Stirling Moss 12 | |||||||||
5 | Giancarlo Baghetti 9 | |||||||||
Race 6 West Germany
Moss driving to victory at the 1961 German GP
The race was won by British driver Stirling Moss, driving a Lotus 18/21 for privateer outfit the Rob Walker Racing Team; it proved to be his 16th and last Grand Prix victory. Moss started from the second row of the grid and led every lap of the race. It was the first German Grand Prix victory for a rear-engined car since Bernd Rosemeyer‘s Auto Union Type C took victory in 1936. Moss finished just over 20 seconds ahead of Ferrari 156 drivers Wolfgang von Trips and Phil Hill, breaking a four-race consecutive run of Ferrari victories. The result pushed Moss into third place in the championship points race, becoming the only driver outside Ferrari’s trio of von Trips, Hill and Richie Ginther still in contention to become the 1961 World Champion with two races left.
1 | 7 | Stirling Moss | Lotus–Climax | 15 | 2:18:12.4 | 3 | 9 |
2 | 3 | Wolfgang von Trips | Ferrari | 15 | +21.4 secs | 5 | 6 |
3 | 4 | Phil Hill | Ferrari | 15 | +22.5 secs | 1 | 4 |
4 | 14 | Jim Clark | Lotus–Climax | 15 | +1:17.1 | 8 | 3 |
5 | 18 | John Surtees | Cooper–Climax | 15 | +1:53.1 | 10 | 2 |
6 | 2 | Bruce McLaren | Cooper–Climax | 15 | +2:41.4 | 12 | 1 |
1 | Wolfgang von Trips 33 | |||||||||
2 | Phil Hill 29 | |||||||||
3 | Stirling Moss 21 | |||||||||
4 | Richie Ginther 16 | |||||||||
5 | Jim Clark 11 | |||||||||
Race 7 Italy
Von Trips body lies just of the Monza track.
The race was marked by one of the most terrible accidents in the history of Formula One, when on the end of lap 2, at the approach to the Parabolica, German driver Wolfgang von Trips lost control of his Ferrari after colliding with the Lotus of Jim Clark and crashed into a fence line of spectators, killing 15 and himself. The race was not stopped, allegedly to avoid the audience going home en masse jamming the roads around the stadium and thus impeding the rescue work for the injured. This was also the last Formula One race ever to be held on the full 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) Monza circuit, with the two banked corners and the straight between the bankings included.
The race was won by von Trips’s American teammate Phil Hill; since von Trips was the only one who could challenge him, Hill won the World Championship with one race to go. Hill’s Monza win also assured Ferrari of the Constructors’ Championship for 1961.
Qualifying (top 15)
Pos | No | Driver | Constructor | Qualifying times | Gap | |
Q1 | Q2 | |||||
1 | 4 | Wolfgang von Trips | Ferrari | 2:50.3 | 2:46.3 | — |
2 | 8 | Ricardo Rodríguez | Ferrari | 2:49.6 | 2:46.4 | +0.1 |
3 | 6 | Richie Ginther | Ferrari | 2:46.8 | 2:47.1 | +0.5 |
4 | 2 | Phil Hill | Ferrari | 2:48.9 | 2:47.2 | +0.9 |
5 | 24 | Graham Hill | BRM–Climax | 2:55.0 | 2:48.7 | +2.4 |
6 | 32 | Giancarlo Baghetti | Ferrari | 2:53.4 | 2:49.0 | +2.7 |
7 | 36 | Jim Clark | Lotus–Climax | 2:52.4 | 2:49.2 | +2.9 |
8 | 44 | Jo Bonnier | Porsche | 2:53.6 | 2:49.6 | +3.3 |
9 | 38 | Innes Ireland | Lotus–Climax | 2:56.7 | 2:50.3 | +4.0 |
10 | 10 | Jack Brabham | Cooper–Climax | 2:55.1 | 2:51.6 | +5.3 |
11 | 28 | Stirling Moss | Lotus–Climax | 2:51.8 | 2:57.5 | +5.5 |
12 | 46 | Dan Gurney | Porsche | 2:53.4 | 2:52.0 | +5.7 |
13 | 26 | Tony Brooks | BRM–Climax | 2:58.8 | 2:52.2 | +5.9 |
14 | 12 | Bruce McLaren | Cooper–Climax | 2:59.8 | 2:53.4 | +7.1 |
15 | 74 | Carel Godin de Beaufort | Porsche | 2:57.9 | 2:53.8 | +7.5 |
1 Phil Hill 34
2 Wolfgang von Trips 33
3 Sterling Moss 21
4 Richie Ginther 16
5 Dan Gurney 15
By virtue of leading the championship, and Von Trips death, Phil Hill was the 1961 F1 champion.
Race 8 USA (Watkins Glen)
By the time of the Watkins Glen event, the 1961 season had seen Californian Phil Hill crowned the first American World Champion. However, he did not take part in the race as the Scuderia Ferrari team had remained home. In the previous race, the Italian Grand Prix at Monza, Ferrari driver and team leader Wolfgang von Trips had been killed in a crash while leading the Drivers’ Championship, handing victory and the Championship to Hill. Since Ferrari had clinched the Constructors’ Championship as well as the Drivers’, the team chose not to make the trip across the Atlantic for the season finale.
There had been considerable doubt about whether the US race would even take place, since the FIA did not grant the Watkins Glen Grand Prix Corporation final approval for the event until August 28. By October, however, the field was missing only the Ferrari team.
1 | 15 | Innes Ireland | Lotus–Climax | 100 | 2:13:45.8 | 8 | 9 |
2 | 12 | Dan Gurney | Porsche | 100 | +4.3 secs | 7 | 6 |
3 | 5 | Tony Brooks | BRM–Climax | 100 | +49.0 secs | 5 | 4 |
4 | 2 | Bruce McLaren | Cooper–Climax | 100 | +58.0 secs | 4 | 3 |
5 | 4 | Graham Hill | BRM–Climax | 99 | +1 Lap | 2 | 2 |
6 | 11 | Jo Bonnier | Porsche | 98 | +2 Laps | 10 | 1 |
1 Phil Hill 34
2 Wolfgang von Trips 33
3 Sterling Moss 21
4 Dan Gurney 21
5 Ritchie Ginther 16
The 1961 F1 season is significant for two reasons. First the championship was won by a native born American, Andretti was born in Italy, something which stands to this day. Secondly and more importantly, Ferrari had successfully transitioned from front to rear engine. Ferrari were back as a dominant technology team in Formula One.
Next time: Part two of “The Rise of Cosworth” to the F1 championship
Ian Caldwell
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